A US federal judge has recently denied the crypto exchange Kraken’s request to dismiss the lawsuit filed by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) over allegations of operating an unregistered securities exchange. This decision comes after Kraken had requested a dismissal of the case filed by the SEC in November. The regulator’s complaint accused the exchange of operating an unregistered securities exchange, broker, dealer, and clearing agency.
The SEC had accused the crypto exchange of illegally facilitating the trading of securities and earning hundreds of millions of dollars in the process since 2018. The SEC claims that Kraken has prevented customers from receiving protections such as regulatory inspections, safeguards against conflicts of interest, and compliance with recordkeeping requirements by allegedly failing to register as a security broker.
Kraken, in its motion to dismiss the case, argued that the SEC’s allegations against the company are unfounded and based on a flawed interpretation of securities laws. The exchange contended that the SEC is attempting to apply outdated regulatory frameworks to the rapidly evolving crypto industry without clear guidelines. Kraken emphasized that its staking services, which are at the center of the SEC’s case, do not constitute an unregistered securities offering, as the regulator claims.
However, Judge William H. Orrick ruled in favor of the SEC and rejected the exchange’s motion to dismiss. He stated, “The SEC has plausibly alleged that at least some of the cryptocurrency transactions that Kraken facilitates on its network constitute investment contracts, and therefore securities, and are accordingly subject to securities laws.” This ruling aligns with SEC Chair Gary Gensler’s stance that most digital tokens are unregistered securities subject to SEC oversight.
The case, officially titled Securities and Exchange Commission v. Payward Inc., will proceed in the US District Court for the Northern District of California. Kraken and the SEC have not yet responded to requests for comment as of press time. Notably, this setback in court comes as Kraken reportedly plans to raise $100 million in a final funding round before an eventual initial public offering (IPO) in 2025.
In addition to the SEC lawsuit denial, Kraken also lost a case filed by the Australian securities watchdog on August 23. According to the Australian Federal Court decision, Bit Trade Pty — which operates the Kraken exchange in the country — failed to adequately distribute its margin trading products within Australian Securities and Investments Commission (ASIC) rules. ASIC claimed that Bit Trade has been offering “margin extension” with no compliance since October 5, 2021, contravening the s994B(2) of the Corporations Act each time it made the product available to a customer.
Both parties now have seven days to agree on declarations and injunctions, with ASIC already stating that it intends to seek financial penalties against Bit Trade. The legal battles faced by Kraken in both the US and Australia highlight the challenges that crypto exchanges may encounter in navigating regulatory landscapes. As the crypto industry continues to evolve, exchanges like Kraken will need to carefully consider compliance with securities laws to avoid costly legal disputes and regulatory scrutiny.
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